Saponification
this is the process in which soap is produced, the reaction that occurs happens when the oil is mixed with a strong alkali. the reaction produces soap and gylcerin, water is also there but it doesn't enter the chemical reaction.
NaOH + olive oil ---> soap + glycerol
NaOH + olive oil ---> soap + glycerol
Gas Producing
gas production means that there has been a reaction among the materials used. When you add the citric acid into the water an acidic environment is created and once you add in the sodium bicarbonate a reaction takes place. when the reaction is taking place little tiny gas bubbles are being produced and this is the carbon dioxide being released.
Testing the bath bomb
once you fill the in the object where you would like the reaction to occur, simply drop the bath bomb in and watch the water start fizzing up also you will notice the color going from transparent to a foggy grayish color and if you have food coloring in your bath bomb then it will turn into the color you used and also a delightful smell coming out of the beaker and that depended on the ester you used.